Iwasebenzisa kanjani amakhukhi i-Google

Leli khasi lichaza izinhlobo zamakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo obusetshenziswa yi-Google. Lichaza nendlela i-Google nozakwethu abasebenzisa ngayo amakhukhi ekukhangiseni.

Amakhukhi ayizingcezu ezincane zombhalo ezithunyelwa kubhrawuza yakho yiwebhusayithi oyivakashelayo. Asiza amawebhusayithi akhumbule ulwazi olumayelana nokuvakasha kwakho, kokubili okungenza kube lula ukuphinde uyivakashele leyo sayithi nokwenza leyo sayithi ibe usizo nakakhulu kuwe. Ubuchwepheshe obufanayo, obuhlanganisa izinkomba eziyingqayizivele ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlonza i-app noma idivayisi, amathegi ephiksili, nesitoreji sendawo, bungenza umsebenzi ofanayo. Amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo njengoba kuchazwe kulo lonke leli khasi kungasetshenziselwa izinjongo ezichazwe ngezansi.

Bona Inqubomgomo Yobumfihlo ukufunda indlela esivikela ngayo ubumfihlo bakho ekusebenziseni amakhukhi wethu nolunye ulwazi.

Izinhlobo zamakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo obusetshenziswa yi-Google

Amanye noma wonke amakhukhi noma ubuchwepheshe obufanayo obuchazwe ngezansi bungagcinwa kubhrawuza, ku-app, noma kudivayisi yakho. Ukuze umenenje indlela amakhukhi asetshenziswa ngayo, okuhlanganisa ukwenqabela ukusetshenziswa kwamakhukhi athile, ungavakashela okuthi g.co/privacytools. Ungase futhi umenenje amakhukhi kubhrawuza yakho (nakuba amabhrawuza wamadivayisi eselula engase enganikezi lokhu kubonakala). Obunye balobu buchwepheshe bungase bumenenjwe kumasethingi edivayisi yakho noma kumasethingi e-app.

Ukusebenza

Amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo bokusebenza kwedivayisi bukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise izakhi eziyisisekelo kusevisi. Izinto ezibhekwa njengeziyisisekelo kusevisi zihlanganisa ukukhumbula okukhethile namaphreferensi, njengolimi olukhethayo; ukugcina imininingwane ehlobene neseshini yakho, njengezinto ozifake kubhasikidi wokuthenga; ukuvumela izakhi noma ukwenza imisebenzi oyicelile; kanye nokuthuthukisa umkhiqizo okusiza ekulondolozeni nasekuthuthukiseni leyo sevisi.

Amanye amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo busetshenziselwa ukugcina amaphreferensi akho. Ngokwesibonelo, iningi labantu abasebenzisa amasevisi e-Google, banekhukhi ethi 'NID' noma ethi ‘_Secure-ENID’ kumabhrawuza abo, kuye ngamakhukhi abawakhethayo. Lawa makhukhi asetshenziselwa ukukhumbula amaphreferensi akho kanye neminye imininingwane, njengolimi oluncamelayo, ukuthi uncamela ukuba kuboniswe imiphumela emingaki ekhasini lemiphumela yosesho (isibonelo, 10 noma 20), nokuthi uyafuna yini ukuthi ukuhlunga kwe-SafeSearch ye-Google kuvulwe. Ikhukhi ngayinye ethi 'NID' iphelelwa isikhathi ezinyangeni ezingu-6 kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kokugcina komsebenzisi, kuyilapho ikhukhi ethi ‘_Secure-ENID’ ithatha izinyanga ezingu-13. Amakhukhi abizwa ngokuthi ‘VISITOR_INFO1_LIVE’ kanye nathi ‘__Secure-YEC’ enza inhloso efanayo ku-YouTube futhi aphinda asetshenziselwe ukuthola nokuxazulula izinkinga ngesevisi. Lawa makhukhi ahlala izinyanga eziyi-6 kanye nezinyanga eziyi-13, ngokulandelana kwawo.

Amanye amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo busetshenziselwa ukugcina nokuthuthukisa indlela osebenza ngayo phakathi neseshini ethile. Isibonelo, i-YouTube isebenzisa ikhukhi ethi 'PREF' ukugcina ulwazi olufana nokulungiselelwa kwakho okuncanyelwayo kwekhasi kanye nokuncamelayo kokudlalwa okufana nokukhetha kokudlala ngokuzenzakalela okusobala, ukushova okuqukethwe, nosayizi wesidlali. Nge-YouTube Music, lokhu okuncanyelwayo kufaka ivolumu, imodi yokuphinda, nokudlala ngokuzenzakalela. Le khukhi iphelelwa yisikhathi ezinyangeni eziyisi-8 kusukela lapho umsebenzisi egcina ukuyisebenzisa. Ikhukhi ethi ‘pm_sess’ iphinda isize ukugcina iseshini yebhrawuza yakho futhi ihlala imizuzu engama-30.

Amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo kungasetshenziselwa nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwamasevisi we-Google. Isibonelo, ikhukhi ethi ‘CGIC’ ithuthukisa ukulethwa kwemiphumela yosesho ngokuqedela ngokuzenzakalelayo imibuzo yosesho ngokusekelwe kokufakwe umsebenzisi ekuqaleni. Le khukhi ihlala izinyanga eziyi-6.

IGoogle isebenzisa ikhukhi ye-SOCS ethatha izinyanga ezingu-13, ukugcina isimo somsebenzisi ngokuphathelene nokukhetha amakhukhi wabo.

Ukuvikeleka

Amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo obusetshenziselwa ukuvikeleka kusiza ekugunyazeni abasebenzisi, ukuvimbela ukukhwabanisa, nokukuvikela wena njengoba uxhumana nesevisi.

Amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo obusetshenziswa ukugunyaza abasebenzisi kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umnikazi woqobo we-akhawunti angafinyelela leyo akhawunti. Ngokwesibonelo, amakhukhi athi ‘SID’ kanye nathi ‘HSID’ anamarekhodi asayiniwe futhi abetheliwe we-ID ye-Google Account yomsebenzisi kanye nesikhathi sokungena sakamuva. Inhlanganisela yalamakhukhi ivumela i-Google ukuthi ivimbele izinhlobo eziningi zokuhlasela, njengemizamo yokuntshontsha okuqukethwe kwamafomu athunyelwe kumasevisi we-Google.

Amanye amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo kusetshenziselwa ukuthola imiyalezo engadingekile, ukukhwabanisa, nokuhlukumeza. Ngokwesibonelo, amakhukhi athi ‘pm_sess’ kanye nathi ‘YSC’ aqinisekisa ukuthi izicelo kuseshini yokubhrawuza zenziwa ngumsebenzisi, hhayi amanye amasayithi. Lawa makhukhi avimbela amasayithi anonya ukuthi azenze ngazuthi asebenzela umsebenzisi ngaphandle kolwazi lwalowo msebenzisi. Ikhukhi ethi ‘pm_sess’ ihlala imizuzu engu-30, kanti ikhukhi ethi ‘YSC’ ihlala isikhathi seseshini yokubhrawuza yomsebenzisi. Amakhukhi athi ‘__Secure-YEC’ kanye nathi ‘AEC’ asetshenziselwa ukuthola imiyalezo engadingekile, ukukhwabanisa, nokuhlukumeza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi abakhangisi abakhokhiswa ngokungafanele ngenxa yokuvelayo okungumgunyathi noma okungafanele noma ukuxhumana nezikhangiso, nokuthi abasunguli be-YouTube Bohlelo Lukazakwabo we-YouTube bakhokhelwa ngokufanele. Ikhukhi ethi ‘AEC’ ihlala izinyanga ezingu-6 kanti ikhukhi ethi ‘__Secure-YEC’ ihlala izinyanga ezingu-13.

Izibalo

Amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo obusetshenziselwe ukuhlaziya busiza ukuqoqa idatha evumela amasevisi ukuthi aqonde ukuthi uxhumana kanjani nesevisi ethile. Le mininingwane ivumela amasevisi ukuthi enze okubili athuthukise okuqukethwe aphinde akhe izakhi ezingcono ezithuthukisa umuzwa wakho.

Amanye amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo busiza amasayithi nama-app aqonde ukuthi abavakashi bawo bazibandakanya kanjani namasevisi abo. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Google Analytics isebenzisa isethi yamakhukhi ukuze iqongelele imininingwane egameni lamabhizinisi asebenzisa isevisi ye-Google Analytics bese ibika kuwo izibalo zokusetshenziswa kwesayithi ngaphandle kokudalula isivakashi ngasinye. Okuthi ‘_ga’, ikhukhi eyinhloko esetshenziswa yi-Google Analytics, ivumela isevisi ihlukanise isivakashi kwesinye futhi ihlala iminyaka engu-2. Noma iyiphi isayithi esebenzisa i-Google Analytics, okuhlanganisa amasevisi e-Google, isebenzisa ikhukhi ethi ‘_ga’. Ikhukhi ngayinye ethi ‘_ga’ ihlukile kusakhi esithile, ngakho-ke alikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukulandelela umsebenzisi onikeziwe noma ibhrawuza kumawebhusayithi angahambisani.

Amasevisi we-Google aphinde asebenzise amakhukhi athi ‘NID’ kanye nathi ‘_Secure-ENID’ ku-Google Search, kanye namakhukhi okuthi ‘VISITOR_INFO1_LIVE’ kanye nokuthi ‘__Secure-YEC’ ku-YouTube, ezibalweni. Ama-app eselula we-Google angase aphinde asebenzise izinkomba eziyingqayizivele, ‘njenge-ID Yokusetshenziswa kwe-Google’, ezibalweni.

Ukukhangisa

I-Google isebenzisa amakhukhi ekukhangiseni, okuhlanganisa ekukhipheni nasekuvezeni izikhangiso, ukuqokela abantu izikhangiso (kuye ngamasethingi akho kokuthi myadcenter.google.com, nakokuthi adssettings.google.com/partnerads), okulinganisela inani lezikhathi okuboniswa ngazo isikhangiso kumsebenzisi, ukuthulisa izikhangiso okhethe ukuyeka ukuzibona, nokukala ukusebenza kwezikhangiso.

Ikhukhi ethi ‘NID’ lisetshenziselwa ukubonisa izikhangiso ze-Google kumasevisi we-Google kubasebenzisi abaphumile ngemvume, kanti amakhukhi okuthi ‘ANID’, ‘IDE’ nokuthi ‘id’ asetshenziselwa ukubonisa izikhangiso ze-Google kumasayithi okungewona awe-Google. Ama-ID okukhangisa kuselula, njengama-ID Okukhangisa (AdID) we-Android, asetshenziselwa injongo efanayo kuma-app weselula, kuye ngamasethingi edivayisi yakho. Uma uvumele izikhangiso eziqokelwe wena, amakhukhi okuthi ‘ANID’ nokuthi ‘IDE’ asetshenziselwa ukuqokela wena izikhangiso ozibonayo. Uma uzivalile izikhangiso eziqokelwe wena, amakhukhi okuthi ‘ANID’ nokuthi ‘id’ asetshenziselwa ukukhumbula lokhu okuncanyelwayo ukuze ungaziboni izikhangiso eziqokelwe wena. Ikhukhi ethi ‘NID’ liphelelwa isikhathi izinyanga eziyi-6 ngemuva kokusebenzisa kokugcina komsebenzisi. Amakhukhi athi ‘ANID,’ ‘IDE,’ kanye nokuthi ‘id’ ahlala izinyanga ezingu-13 e-European Economic Area (EEA), e-Switzerland, nase-United Kingdom (UK), bese kuba yizinyanga ezingu-24 kuzo zonke ezinye izindawo.

Kuye ngamasethingi wakho wesikhangiso, amanye amasevisi we-Google njenge-YouTube angasebenzisa lawo namanye amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe, njengekhukhi ‘VISITOR_INFO1_LIVE’, ukukhangisa.

Amanye amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo okusetshenziselwa ukukhangisa okwabasebenzisi abangena ngemvume ukuze basebenzise amasevisi e-Google. Ngokwesibonelo, ikhukhi ethi ‘DSID’ isetshenziselwa ukuthola umsebenzisi ongene ngemvume kumasayithi okungewona awe-Google ukuze isethingi yokuqokela lowo msebenzisi izikhangiso ihlonishwe. Ikhukhi ethi ‘DSID’ ihlala amaviki angu-2.

Ngenkundla yokukhangisa nge-Google, amabhizinisi angakhangisa kumasevisi we-Google kanye nakumasayithi angewona we-Google. Amanye amakhukhi asekela i-Google ukubonisa izikhangiso kumasayithi, wezinkampani zangaphandle, futhi asethwe esizindeni sewebhusayithi oyivakashelayo. Isibonelo, ikhukhi ‘_gads’ livumela amasayithi ukubonisa izikhangiso ze-Google. Amakhukhi aqala nge-‘_gac_’ avela Ezibalweni ze-Google futhi asetshenziswa abakhangisi ukulinganisa umsebenzi womsebenzisi kanye nokusebenza komkhankaso wawo wokukhangisa. Amakhukhi ‘_gads’ ahlala izinyanga ezingu-13 futhi amakhukhi ‘_gac_’ ahlala izinsuku ezingu-90.

Amanye amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo kusetshenziselwa ukulinganisa isikhangiso nokusebenza komkhankaso namazinga wokuguqulwa kuzikhangiso ze-Google kusayithi oyivakashelayo. Ngokwesibonelo, amakhukhi aqala ngokuthi ‘_gcl_’ asetshenziselwa ngokuyinhloko ukusiza abakhangisi ukunquma ukuthi zingakanani izikhathi abasebenzisi abachofoza ngazo kuzikhangiso zabo abagcina bethathe isenzo kumasayithi abo, njengokuthenga. Amakhukhi asetshenziselwa ukulinganisa amazinga okuguqula akasetshenziselwa ukwenza ngezifiso izikhangiso. amakhukhi okuthi ‘_gcl_’ ahlala izinsuku ezingama-90. Ubuchwepheshe obufanayo njenge-ID yokukhangisa kumadivayisi we-Android nabo bungasetshenziselwa ukukala ukusebenza kwezikhangiso nomkhankaso. Ungamenenja amasethingi wakho we-ID Yesikhangiso kudivayisi yakho ye-Android.

Bona ulwazi olungeziwe mayelana namakhukhi asetshenziselwa ukukhangisa lapha.

Ukwenza ngokwezifiso

Amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo kusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukwenza ngokwezifiso umuzwa wakho ngokunikezela okuqukethwe okwenziwe ngokwezifiso nezakhi, kuye ngamasethingi akho kokuthi g.co/privacytoolsnoma i-app yakho namasethingi wedivayisi.

Okuqukethwe kanye nezakhi ezingokwezifiso kuhlanganisa izinto ezinemiphumela nezincomo eziqonde kakhudlwana, ikhasi eliyisiqalo le-YouTube, nezikhangiso ezenziwe ngokwezintshisekelo zakho. Isibonelo, ikhukhi ethi ‘VISITOR_INFO1_LIVE’ linganika amandla izincomo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ku-YouTube ngokususelwe ekubukweni kwangaphambilini nosesho. Futhi ikhukhi ethi ‘NID’ linika amandla izakhi zokugcwalisa ngokuzenzakalelayo okwenziwe ngokwezifiso kusesho njengoba uthayipha amatemu. Lawa makhukhi aphelelwa yisikhathi ezinyangeni eziyisi-6 ngemva kokusetshenziswa kokugcina komsebenzisi.

Elinye ikhukhi, ebizwa ngokuthi ‘UULE’, ithumela imininingwane yendawo eqondile evela kubhrawuza yakho iye kumaseva we-Google ukuze i-Google ikwazi ukukubonisa imiphumela ehambisana nendawo okuyo. Ukusetshenziswa kwale khukhi kuncike kumasethingi we-browser yakho nokuthi ingabe ukhethe ukuvula indawo ku-browser yakho. Ikhukhi ethi ‘UULE’ lihlala amahora angafika kwangu-6.

Ngisho noma uwenqaba amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo obusetshenziselwa ukukunika lokho okufunayo, okuqukethwe okungaqokiwe nezakhi ongase uzibone zisengathonywa izakhi ezihambelanayo, njengendawo okuyo, ulimi, uhlobo lwedivayisi, noma okuqukethwe okubukayo njengamanje.