Iwasebenzisa kanjani amakhukhi i-Google

Leli khasi lichaza izinjongo iGoogle esebenzisa ngazo amakhukhi kanye nobuchwepheshe obufanayo. Lichaza nendlela iGoogle nozakwethu bethu abasebenzisa ngayo amakhukhi ekukhangiseni.

Amakhukhi ayizingcezu ezincane zombhalo ezithunyelwa kubhrawuza yakho yiwebhusayithi oyivakashelayo. Asiza amawebhusayithi akhumbule ulwazi olumayelana nokuvakasha kwakho, kokubili okungenza kube lula ukuphinde uyivakashele leyo sayithi nokwenza leyo sayithi ibe usizo nakakhulu kuwe. Ubuchwepheshe obufanayo, obuhlanganisa izinkomba eziyingqayizivele ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlonza i-app noma idivayisi, amathegi ephiksili, nesitoreji sendawo, bungenza umsebenzi ofanayo. Amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo njengoba kuchazwe kulo lonke leli khasi kungasetshenziselwa izinjongo ezichazwe ngezansi.

Bona Inqubomgomo Yobumfihlo ukufunda indlela esivikela ngayo ubumfihlo bakho ekusebenziseni amakhukhi wethu nolunye ulwazi.

Izinjongo zamakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo obusetshenziswa yiGoogle

IGoogle ingase igcine noma isebenzise amanye noma wonke amakhukhi noma ubuchwepheshe obufanayo kubhrawuza yakho, i-app, noma idivayisi ngezinjongo ezichazwe ngezansi. Ukuze ulawule indlela amakhukhi asetshenziswa ngayo, okuhlanganisa ukwenqaba ukusetshenziswa kwamakhukhi ngezinhloso ezithile, ungavakashela kokuthi g.co/privacytools. Ungase futhi ulawule amakhukhi kubhrawuza yakho (nakuba amabhrawuza wamadivayisi weselula angase anganikezi lokhu kubonakala). Obunye balobu buchwepheshe bungase bulawulwe emasethingini edivayisi yakho noma emasethingini e-app.

Ukusebenza

Amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo obusetshenziselwa izinjongo zokusebenza bukuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele izakhi ezibalulekile kusevisi. Lawa makhukhi asetshenziselwa ukuletha nokunakekela amasevisi eGoogle. Izinto ezibhekwa njengeziyisisekelo kusevisi zihlanganisa ukukhumbula okukhethile namaphreferensi, njengolimi olukhethayo; ukugcina imininingwane ehlobene neseshini yakho, njengezinto ozifake kubhasikidi wokuthenga; ukuvumela izakhi noma ukwenza imisebenzi oyicelile; kanye nokuthuthukisa umkhiqizo okusiza ekulondolozeni nasekuthuthukiseni leyo sevisi.

Amanye amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo busetshenziselwa ukugcina amaphreferensi akho. Ngokwesibonelo, iningi labantu abasebenzisa amasevisi eGoogle, banekhukhi elithi 'NID' noma elithi ‘_Secure-ENID’ kumabhrawuza abo, kuye ngekhukhi abalikhethayo. Lawa makhukhi asetshenziselwa ukukhumbula amaphreferensi akho kanye neminye imininingwane, njengolimi oluncamelayo, ukuthi uncamela ukuba kuboniswe imiphumela emingaki ekhasini lemiphumela yosesho (ngokwesibonelo, 10 noma 20), nokuthi uyafuna yini ukuthi ukuhlunga kweSafeSearch yeGoogle kuvulwe. Ikhukhi ngalinye elithi 'NID' liphelelwa isikhathi ezinyangeni eziyi-6 kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kokugcina komsebenzisi, kuyilapho ikhukhi elithi ‘_Secure-ENID’ lithatha izinyanga eziyi-13. Amakhukhi abizwa ngokuthi ‘VISITOR_INFO1_LIVE’ kanye nathi ‘__Secure-YEC’ enza inhloso efanayo kuYouTube futhi aphinda asetshenziselwe ukuthola nokuxazulula izinkinga ngesevisi. Lawa makhukhi ahlala izinyanga eziyi-6 kanye nezinyanga eziyi-13, ngokulandelana kwawo.

Amanye amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo busetshenziselwa ukugcina nokuthuthukisa indlela osebenza ngayo phakathi neseshini ethile. Isibonelo, i-YouTube isebenzisa ikhukhi ethi 'PREF' ukugcina ulwazi olufana nokulungiselelwa kwakho okuncanyelwayo kwekhasi kanye nokuncamelayo kokudlalwa okufana nokukhetha kokudlala ngokuzenzakalela okusobala, ukushova okuqukethwe, nosayizi wesidlali. Nge-YouTube Music, lokhu okuncanyelwayo kufaka ivolumu, imodi yokuphinda, nokudlala ngokuzenzakalela. Le khukhi iphelelwa yisikhathi ezinyangeni eziyisi-8 kusukela lapho umsebenzisi egcina ukuyisebenzisa. Ikhukhi ethi ‘pm_sess’ iphinda isize ukugcina iseshini yebhrawuza yakho futhi ihlala imizuzu engama-30.

Amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo kungasetshenziselwa nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwamasevisi we-Google. Isibonelo, ikhukhi ethi ‘CGIC’ ithuthukisa ukulethwa kwemiphumela yosesho ngokuqedela ngokuzenzakalelayo imibuzo yosesho ngokusekelwe kokufakwe umsebenzisi ekuqaleni. Le khukhi ihlala izinyanga eziyi-6.

IGoogle isebenzisa ikhukhi ye-SOCS ethatha izinyanga ezingu-13, ukugcina isimo somsebenzisi ngokuphathelene nokukhetha amakhukhi wabo.

Ukuvikeleka

IGoogle isebenzisa amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo ngezinjongo zokuphepha ukuze ikuvikele njengoba usebenzisana nesevisi ngokugunyaza abasebenzisi, ukuvikela kogaxekile, ukukhwabanisa nokuhlukumeza, kanye nokungabikho kokulandelela.

Amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo obusetshenziswa ukugunyaza abasebenzisi kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umnikazi woqobo we-akhawunti angafinyelela leyo akhawunti. Ngokwesibonelo, amakhukhi abizwa ngokuthi ‘i-SID’ kanye ‘ne-HSID’ anamarekhodi asayiniwe futhi abetheliwe we-ID yeGoogle Account yomsebenzisi kanye nesikhathi sokungena sakamuva. Inhlanganisela yalamakhukhi ivumela iGoogle ukuthi ivimbele izinhlobo eziningi zokuhlasela, njengemizamo yokuntshontsha okuqukethwe kwamafomu athunyelwe kumasevisi weGoogle. Lawa makhukhi ahlala iminyaka emi-2.

Amanye amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo kusetshenziselwa ukuthola imiyalezo engadingekile, ukukhwabanisa, nokuhlukumeza. Ngokwesibonelo, amakhukhi athi ‘pm_sess’ kanye nathi ‘YSC’ aqinisekisa ukuthi izicelo kuseshini yokubhrawuza zenziwa ngumsebenzisi, hhayi amanye amasayithi. Lawa makhukhi avimbela amasayithi anonya ukuthi azenze ngazuthi asebenzela umsebenzisi ngaphandle kolwazi lwalowo msebenzisi. Ikhukhi ethi ‘pm_sess’ ihlala imizuzu engu-30, kanti ikhukhi ethi ‘YSC’ ihlala isikhathi seseshini yokubhrawuza yomsebenzisi. Amakhukhi athi ‘__Secure-YEC’ kanye nathi ‘AEC’ asetshenziselwa ukuthola imiyalezo engadingekile, ukukhwabanisa, nokuhlukumeza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi abakhangisi abakhokhiswa ngokungafanele ngenxa yokuvelayo okungumgunyathi noma okungafanele noma ukuxhumana nezikhangiso, nokuthi abasunguli be-YouTube Bohlelo Lukazakwabo we-YouTube bakhokhelwa ngokufanele. Ikhukhi ethi ‘AEC’ ihlala izinyanga ezingu-6 kanti ikhukhi ethi ‘__Secure-YEC’ ihlala izinyanga ezingu-13.

Izibalo

IGoogle isebenzisa amakhukhi kanye nobuchwepheshe obufanayo ngezinjongo zokuhlaziya ukuqonda ukuthi usebenzisana kanjani nesevisi ethile. Lawa makhukhi kanye nobuchwepheshe obufanayo busiza ukuqoqa idatha esivumela ukuthi silinganise ukubandakanyeka kwezithameli kanye nezibalo zesayithi. Lokhu kusisiza siqonde ukuthi amasevisi asetshenziswa kanjani, kanye nokuthuthukisa okuqukethwe kwawo, ikhwalithi nezakhi, kuyilapho kusivumela ukuthi sinjiniyele futhi sithuthukise amasevisi amasha.

Amanye amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo busiza amasayithi nama-app aqonde ukuthi abavakashi bawo bazibandakanya kanjani namasevisi abo. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Google Analytics isebenzisa isethi yamakhukhi ukuze iqongelele imininingwane egameni lamabhizinisi asebenzisa isevisi ye-Google Analytics bese ibika kuwo izibalo zokusetshenziswa kwesayithi ngaphandle kokudalula isivakashi ngasinye. Okuthi ‘_ga’, ikhukhi eyinhloko esetshenziswa yi-Google Analytics, ivumela isevisi ihlukanise isivakashi kwesinye futhi ihlala iminyaka engu-2. Noma iyiphi isayithi esebenzisa i-Google Analytics, okuhlanganisa amasevisi e-Google, isebenzisa ikhukhi ethi ‘_ga’. Ikhukhi ngayinye ethi ‘_ga’ ihlukile kusakhi esithile, ngakho-ke alikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukulandelela umsebenzisi onikeziwe noma ibhrawuza kumawebhusayithi angahambisani.

Amasevisi we-Google aphinde asebenzise amakhukhi athi ‘NID’ kanye nathi ‘_Secure-ENID’ ku-Google Search, kanye namakhukhi okuthi ‘VISITOR_INFO1_LIVE’ kanye nokuthi ‘__Secure-YEC’ ku-YouTube, ezibalweni. Ama-app eselula we-Google angase aphinde asebenzise izinkomba eziyingqayizivele, ‘njenge-ID Yokusetshenziswa kwe-Google’, ezibalweni.

Ukukhangisa

IGoogle isebenzisa amakhukhi ngezinjongo zokukhangisa, okuhlanganisa ukubonisa izikhangiso eziqondene nawe, ukuphakela nokunikezela ngezikhangiso, kanye nokwenza kube ngokwakho izikhangiso (kuye ngamasethingi akho kokuthi myadcenter.google.com, nakokuthi adssettings.google.com/partnerads). Lawa makhukhi nawo asetshenziselwa, ukukhawulela inani lezikhathi lapho isikhangiso sikhonjiswa kumsebenzisi, ukuthulisa izikhangiso okhethe ukuyeka ukuzibona, nokudiliva kanye nokulinganisa ukusebenza kwezikhangiso.

Ikhukhi ethi ‘NID’ lisetshenziselwa ukubonisa izikhangiso zeGoogle kumasevisi weGoogle kubasebenzisi abaphumile ngemvume, kanti ikhukhi elithi ‘IDE’, nelithi ‘id’ asetshenziselwa ukubonisa izikhangiso zeGoogle kumasayithi okungewona weGoogle. Ama-ID okukhangisa kuselula, njengama-ID Okukhangisa (AdID) we-Android, asetshenziselwa injongo efanayo kuma-app weselula, kuye ngamasethingi edivayisi yakho. Uma unike amandla izikhangiso eziqondene nawe, ikhukhi elithi ‘IDE’ lisetshenziselwa ukwenza izikhangiso ozibonayo zibe ngokwakho. Uma uvale izikhangiso eziqondene nawe, ikhukhi elithi ‘id’ lisetshenziselwa ukukhumbula le ntandokazi ukuze ungaboni izikhangiso eziqondene nawe. Ikhukhi ethi ‘NID’ liphelelwa isikhathi izinyanga eziyi-6 ngemuva kokusebenzisa kokugcina komsebenzisi. Ikhukhi elithi ‘IDE,’ nelithi ‘id’ ahlala izinyanga eziyi-13 e-European Economic Area (EEA), eSwitzerland, nase-United Kingdom (UK), bese kuba yizinyanga ezingama-24 kuzo zonke ezinye izindawo.

Kuye ngamasethingi wakho wesikhangiso, amanye amasevisi we-Google njenge-YouTube angasebenzisa lawo namanye amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe, njengekhukhi ‘VISITOR_INFO1_LIVE’, ukukhangisa.

Amanye amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo okusetshenziselwa ukukhangisa okwabasebenzisi abangena ngemvume ukuze basebenzise amasevisi e-Google. Ngokwesibonelo, ikhukhi ethi ‘DSID’ isetshenziselwa ukuthola umsebenzisi ongene ngemvume kumasayithi okungewona awe-Google ukuze isethingi yokuqokela lowo msebenzisi izikhangiso ihlonishwe. Ikhukhi ethi ‘DSID’ ihlala amaviki angu-2.

Ngenkundla yokukhangisa nge-Google, amabhizinisi angakhangisa kumasevisi we-Google kanye nakumasayithi angewona we-Google. Amanye amakhukhi asekela i-Google ukubonisa izikhangiso kumasayithi, wezinkampani zangaphandle, futhi asethwe esizindeni sewebhusayithi oyivakashelayo. Isibonelo, ikhukhi ‘_gads’ livumela amasayithi ukubonisa izikhangiso ze-Google. Amakhukhi aqala nge-‘_gac_’ avela Ezibalweni ze-Google futhi asetshenziswa abakhangisi ukulinganisa umsebenzi womsebenzisi kanye nokusebenza komkhankaso wawo wokukhangisa. Amakhukhi ‘_gads’ ahlala izinyanga ezingu-13 futhi amakhukhi ‘_gac_’ ahlala izinsuku ezingu-90.

Amanye amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo kusetshenziselwa ukulinganisa isikhangiso nokusebenza komkhankaso namazinga wokuguqulwa kuzikhangiso ze-Google kusayithi oyivakashelayo. Ngokwesibonelo, amakhukhi aqala ngokuthi ‘_gcl_’ asetshenziselwa ngokuyinhloko ukusiza abakhangisi ukunquma ukuthi zingakanani izikhathi abasebenzisi abachofoza ngazo kuzikhangiso zabo abagcina bethathe isenzo kumasayithi abo, njengokuthenga. Amakhukhi asetshenziselwa ukulinganisa amazinga okuguqula akasetshenziselwa ukwenza ngezifiso izikhangiso. amakhukhi okuthi ‘_gcl_’ ahlala izinsuku ezingama-90. Ubuchwepheshe obufanayo njenge-ID yokukhangisa kumadivayisi we-Android nabo bungasetshenziselwa ukukala ukusebenza kwezikhangiso nomkhankaso. Ungamenenja amasethingi wakho we-ID Yesikhangiso kudivayisi yakho ye-Android.

Bona ulwazi olungeziwe mayelana namakhukhi asetshenziselwa ukukhangisa lapha.

Ukwenza ngokwezifiso

Amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo busetshenziselwa inhloso yokubonisa okuqukethwe komuntu siqu. Lawa makhukhi asiza ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lwakho ngokuhlinzeka ngokuqukethwe komuntu siqu nezakhi, kuye ngamasethingi akho kokuthi g.co/privacytools noma amasethingi e-app yakho nedivayisi.

Okuqukethwe kanye nezakhi ezingokwezifiso kuhlanganisa izinto ezinemiphumela nezincomo eziqonde kakhudlwana, ikhasi eliyisiqalo le-YouTube, nezikhangiso ezenziwe ngokwezintshisekelo zakho. Isibonelo, ikhukhi ethi ‘VISITOR_INFO1_LIVE’ linganika amandla izincomo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ku-YouTube ngokususelwe ekubukweni kwangaphambilini nosesho. Futhi ikhukhi ethi ‘NID’ linika amandla izakhi zokugcwalisa ngokuzenzakalelayo okwenziwe ngokwezifiso kusesho njengoba uthayipha amatemu. Lawa makhukhi aphelelwa yisikhathi ezinyangeni eziyisi-6 ngemva kokusetshenziswa kokugcina komsebenzisi.

Elinye ikhukhi, ebizwa ngokuthi ‘UULE’, ithumela imininingwane yendawo eqondile evela kubhrawuza yakho iye kumaseva we-Google ukuze i-Google ikwazi ukukubonisa imiphumela ehambisana nendawo okuyo. Ukusetshenziswa kwale khukhi kuncike kumasethingi we-browser yakho nokuthi ingabe ukhethe ukuvula indawo ku-browser yakho. Ikhukhi ethi ‘UULE’ lihlala amahora angafika kwangu-6.

Ngisho noma uwenqaba amakhukhi nobuchwepheshe obufanayo obusetshenziselwa ukukunika lokho okufunayo, okuqukethwe okungaqokiwe nezakhi ongase uzibone zisengathonywa izakhi ezihambelanayo, njengendawo okuyo, ulimi, uhlobo lwedivayisi, noma okuqukethwe okubukayo njengamanje.